Knowledge Modeling for AI Collaboration
Part 5 explained how the Object Model contributes executable formal structure and execution examples to a SimpleModeling Model. Formal structure alone does not let generative AI reliably trace why a concept has a particular meaning, which sources support it, or how it relates to other documents and Model Elements.
To use generative AI to understand and develop Models, knowledge must first be organized. A Knowledge Model supports defining Models through CML (Cozy Modeling Language), reviewing a Domain Model, creating and reviewing a Use Case Model, and answering inquiries for Domain understanding. It maps terms, concepts, classifications, semantic relationships, rules, evidence, and sources so that generative AI can explore and explain them. People examine those explanations and their evidence through AI interaction, and reflect only valid updates in the authoritative sources.
This article separates Knowledge Model content from the technologies used to represent, retrieve, and provide it. RDF, ontologies, and Knowledge Graphs make semantic structure explicit; embeddings and RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) find relevant information; and MCP (Model Context Protocol) supplies selected knowledge to generative AI. These do not have the same role.
Position in the Series
Part 3 organized a SimpleModeling Model into three constituents: Object, Knowledge, and Literate Models. Part 4 explained how Views select the required elements from the three according to Purpose and Concern. Part 5 examined the Object Model, which carries formal structure.
Part 6 examines the Knowledge Model. It is not merely documentation or a source list for the Object Model, but a constituent that expresses the knowledge aspect of the same subject. The next article on Literate Modeling will examine the Literate Model, which retains context, intent, requirements, decisions, and scenarios primarily in natural language people can understand.
Previous article: 📄 Object Modeling as a Structural Foundation
The Knowledge Aspect of a SimpleModeling Model
Object, Knowledge, and Literate Models are constituents of a SimpleModeling Model that express different aspects of the same subject in forms suited to their users and purposes. A Knowledge Model is not explanatory material or a source list for the Object Model. It expresses the knowledge aspect by connecting concepts, classifications, semantic relationships, rules, evidence, and sources so generative AI can explore them and explain them to people.
| Constituent | What it expresses | Primary use |
|---|---|---|
Executable formal structures and execution examples |
Shared by developers, programming languages, execution platforms, and generative AI. |
|
Knowledge Model |
Concepts, classifications, semantic relationships, rules, evidence, and sources |
Primarily explored, related, and interpreted by generative AI, which explains it to people. |
Literate Model |
Natural-language context, intent, requirements, decisions, and scenarios |
Shared by developers, non-developers, and generative AI. |
The three are not a classification that bundles unrelated documents afterward. Through terms defined in the Glossary, formal structures, knowledge structures, and natural-language descriptions are mapped to one another. Domain, Use Case, and Application Models are composed by selecting the required elements from the three according to Purpose and Concern.
Four Development Uses of a Knowledge Model
Connecting that position to development work yields the following four uses. This list is not a competing structure for the article; it is a map showing where the terms, correspondences, semantic structure, retrieval, access, and approval explained below are useful.
| Development task | How the Knowledge Model is used |
|---|---|
Defining and updating Models through CML |
Terms, rules, relationships, and evidence let generative AI propose CML changes that people review and approve. CML is an executable expression of the Object Model; the Knowledge Model does not replace it. |
Reviewing the Domain Model |
The structure, constraints, and terminology are checked against their definitions and evidence. |
It organizes Scenario vocabulary, purposes, and business rules, and treats correspondence between Literate and Object Models during both authoring and review. |
|
Answering inquiries for Domain understanding |
It answers questions such as “what is this concept?” and “why is this condition necessary?” with related information and evidence. |
What the four uses share is that generative AI traces correspondence among terms, Model Elements, documents, rules, and evidence rather than relying on text fragments alone. Its results are candidates, not authoritative updates. People examine meaning, source authority, scope, and currency, and reflect only approved updates in the Glossary, documents, and Models. The following sections first explain this shared foundation, then return to the four uses.
Shared Anchors for Review and Inquiry
Here, a term means a term defined in the Glossary. The Glossary manages its name, meaning, boundary, and synonyms, and internally refers to each term by a stable ID. Using a defined Glossary term as the entry point for correspondence, rather than a display label or string similarity, distinguishes different meanings of the same expression and keeps the same concept traceable after a name changes—both when reviewing a Domain Model and when answering a Domain inquiry.
Object Model elements, Knowledge Model nodes, and Literate Model descriptions can be mapped to the same Glossary term. For example, “state” can denote a business state, a user-interface state, or processing progress. The Glossary defines their boundaries, and the Knowledge Model retains relationships to documents, StateMachines, Events, and business rules so generative AI can determine which state it is explaining.
Knowledge Prepared across the Four Uses
Knowledge Modeling does more than split text into searchable fragments. For defining Models through CML, reviewing a Domain Model, creating and reviewing a Use Case Model, and answering inquiries for Domain understanding, it enables generative AI and people to examine which references denote the same concept, which are different, how they relate, and what evidence supports them.
| Knowledge element | Question answered |
|---|---|
Terms and identity |
Which Glossary-defined term is being referenced? |
Classification |
What kind of concept is this, and which concept does it specialize? |
Semantic relationship |
In what semantic sense are two concepts related? |
Rule and boundary |
Under which conditions does it hold, and where does it apply? |
Evidence and source |
Why is the claim justified, and which source and decision support it? |
Correspondence |
How do terms, documents, Object Model elements, and Literate Model descriptions correspond? |
A rule represented in a Knowledge Model does not become executable merely by being represented there. Executable structure belongs to the Object Model and CML. The Knowledge Model retains the rule’s meaning, classification, evidence, and relationships to relevant sources and Model Elements in a form generative AI can explore.
Use 1: Defining and Updating through CML
CML is the language used to express an Object Model executably. The Knowledge Model does not replace CML. By connecting terms, rules, relationships, and evidence, it supplies the context through which generative AI can explain a proposed change and people can decide whether it should be reflected in CML.
Use 2: Reviewing the Domain Model
When reviewing a Domain Model, its structures, constraints, and terms are checked against definitions, rules, and evidence. If the Knowledge Model retains those correspondences, generative AI can show inconsistency candidates and their evidence. People judge whether the candidates are valid in the Domain’s meaning.
Use 3: Creating and Reviewing the Use Case Model
For a Use Case Model, the vocabulary, purposes, and business rules of Scenarios in the Literate Model are organized. The Knowledge Model maps them to executable elements such as Services, Operations, Events, and StateMachines. This makes it possible to check, both while creating and reviewing, whether a Scenario’s meaning is preserved in the executable Model.
Explicit Semantics, Retrieval, and Access
Distinguishing Knowledge Model content from retrieval and delivery mechanisms clarifies the role of each technology. They are not consecutive stages of a one-way process; they have distinct responsibilities.
| Role | Technology | Contribution |
|---|---|---|
Semantic identity |
Defines a term’s name, meaning, boundary, and stable ID. |
|
Explicit semantic structure |
Makes concepts, classifications, relationships, and evidence explicit. |
|
Retrieval projection |
Embedding / text index |
Efficiently finds semantically similar candidates and relevant documents. |
Context retrieval |
Retrieves external knowledge required by a question and adds it to generation context. |
|
Access boundary |
Provides selected knowledge resources and operations to generative AI through a standardized boundary. |
RDF represents information as subject-predicate-object triples, and an Ontology defines the semantic structure of the concepts, classifications, relationships, and constraints in use. A Knowledge Graph connects terms, documents, Model Elements, and sources through explicit relationships. Similarity from Embeddings and results retrieved by RAG are useful for finding related candidates, but do not determine concept identity or evidence validity.
Use 4: Inquiring to Understand the Domain
Consider “order confirmation,” the example introduced in Part 5, from the Knowledge Model side. The Object Model contains formal structures such as Order, inventory reservation, payment authorization, the order-confirmed Event, and a StateMachine. The Literate Model contains the “confirm an order” Use Case Scenario, exceptions, and decision rationale.
The Knowledge Model retains correspondences from the Glossary-defined term “order confirmation” to the Use Case Scenario, StateMachine, Event, business rules, and evidence and sources. This allows generative AI to explain what is required, what happens on success, and why each condition is needed from one concept.
| Question | Knowledge path |
|---|---|
What is required to confirm an order? |
Order confirmation → inventory reservation / payment authorization → related business rules |
What happens on success? |
Order confirmation → order-confirmed Event → Order State transition |
Why is the condition required? |
Business rule → source / approval record → corresponding Constraint |
Evidence, Sources, and Human Approval
Generative AI can find related candidates across many documents and Models, follow relationships, and produce candidate explanations. The existence of a search result, however, is different from its validity for the current subject.
A Knowledge Model relates claims to sources, scope, versions, update times, and approval records where available. Generative AI shows the basis of an explanation, while people examine business meaning, source authority, applicability, and currency. A relationship found by AI remains a candidate until approved; only approved relationships and evidence are returned to authoritative sources.
Knowledge Modeling in the Development Method
The four uses are not independent phases. Domain Modeling traces meaning, structure, rules, and boundaries; Application Modeling explains and checks correspondence between Use Case Scenarios and executable elements such as Services, Operations, Events, and StateMachines. Organizing the same terms, rules, evidence, and correspondences makes them consistently usable for CML updates, reviews, and inquiries.
The BoK provides SmartDox documents, Glossary entries, Models, and metadata that expresses their meaning as knowledge resources usable by generative AI. Knowledge Modeling organizes what is included in those resources and with which meanings and evidence. RAG and MCP deliver selected knowledge to questions and work.
Next
This article organized the Knowledge Model as a constituent through which generative AI explores concepts, relationships, rules, and evidence and explains them to people. The next article turns to Literate Modeling and examines how subjects, purposes, situations, requirements, decisions, scenarios, intent, assumptions, and history are organized as a Literate Model shared by people and generative AI, primarily through natural language.
References
Glossary
- Object Model
-
Undefined
- Model
-
A Model is an abstraction that represents a subject according to a particular Purpose and Concern so that it can be understood, reasoned about, evaluated, or constructed. It is not the subject itself; it preserves the elements, relationships, and meanings required for its purpose.
- SimpleModeling
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SimpleModeling is a modeling-centered software development methodology and technology system for constructing a Domain Model from Knowledge, formalizing it in CML, realizing it as executable software through Cozy and AI, and running it on Textus.
- CML (Cozy Modeling Language)
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CML (Cozy Modeling Language) is the SimpleModeling formal modeling language for describing the Executable Model portion of an Object Model that connects to program generation and execution.
- Use Case
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In UML, a Use Case is a Model Element that specifies a set of Actions performed by a subject to yield an observable result of value to an Actor or other stakeholder.
- RDF
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A W3C-standardized data model that represents information as subject–predicate–object triples.
- Model Context Protocol (MCP)
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The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is an open protocol for connecting applications that use generative AI with external data sources and tools and for providing context and capabilities in a standardized form.
- Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)
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A generation technique that supplements a language model’s internal (parametric) knowledge by retrieving relevant external information before generation. RAG systems first search knowledge sources such as databases or knowledge graphs and then use the retrieved context as input for text generation.
- Domain Model
-
Undefined
- Knowledge Model
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A Knowledge Model structures the concepts, semantic relationships, classifications, rules, evidence, sources, and related knowledge in a SimpleModeling Model primarily so that generative AI can retrieve, explore, relate, and interpret them.
- Use Case Model
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A Use Case Model is a purpose-specific Model that represents why users or external parties use a system and the Scenarios and expected Outcomes through which their Goals are achieved, using Actors, Goals, Use Cases, Scenarios, and Outcomes.
- Embedding
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An Embedding is a numerical-vector representation of text, terms, Model Elements, or related content that enables computation of semantic similarity. It is used for similarity search and candidate retrieval.
- Ontology
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An Ontology is an explicit semantic structure of the concepts, classifications, relationships, and constraints in a subject domain, used to interpret knowledge consistently.
- knowledge graph
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A semantic graph-based knowledge base where nodes represent entities or concepts and edges represent their relationships.
- View
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A View is a representation that projects selected parts of a Model according to a particular Purpose and Concern so they can be understood, reasoned about, evaluated, or used. A View presents part of a Model and does not own meaning independently of the source Model.
- Literate Model
-
Undefined
- Object
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An Object is an Instance classified by a Class or another Classifier and may have structure, State, and Behavior. It is treated as an individual that can be referred to separately from other Instances of the same Classifier.
- Literate Modeling
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Undefined
- Glossary
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A Glossary is a knowledge resource that manages the names, meanings, boundaries, synonyms, and identifiers of terms used in a subject domain. It provides a common foundation for participants to use the same terms with the same meanings.
- Application Model
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An Application Model is a purpose-specific Model describing how an application realizes Use Cases through participants, Roles, responsibilities, Collaborations, Interactions, state transitions, Events, Services, Operations, and Outcomes.
- Constraint
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In UML, a Constraint is a condition or restriction expressed in natural language or a machine-readable language to declare part of the Semantics of one or more Model Elements. Its evaluation yields a Boolean value and has no side effects.
- State
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In UML, a State models a situation during which an invariant condition holds. The current State of an Object may determine accepted Events and Operations, applicable Constraints, and possible next Transitions.
- Event
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In UML, an Event describes an occurrence that may arise during the execution of Behavior. Receiving an Event occurrence may trigger Behavior such as a Transition in a StateMachine.
- StateMachine
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In UML, a StateMachine is a Behavior that expresses the event-driven Behavior of a system element by traversing a graph of States through Transitions triggered by Event occurrences.
- Knowledge Modeling
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Undefined
- Identity
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Identity is the sameness by which a subject is distinguished from others and tracked as the same subject over time even when its values or State change. An Identifier is a value that represents or refers to Identity; it is not the Identity itself.
- Responsibility
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A Responsibility is an obligation stating what an Object or Role must know, decide, perform, or protect. It assigns ownership of rules and Behavior, not merely structural information.
- IRI (Internationalization Resource Identifier)
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A resource identifier used in RDF. It uniquely identifies any resource—concepts, documents, properties—on the Web.
- Operation
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In UML, an Operation is a Behavioral Feature of a Classifier that specifies the name, type, Parameters, and Constraints for invoking associated Behavior. The Operation specifies an invocation contract, while a Method or another Behavior realizes it.
- Use Case Scenario
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Undefined
- Domain Modeling
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Undefined
- Application Modeling
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Application Modeling is the activity of concretizing Use Cases as application behavior and constructing an Application Model. It clarifies the mappings from Use Case Scenarios to participants, Roles, responsibilities, Collaborations, Interactions, state transitions, Events, Services, and Operations.
- BoK (Body of Knowledge)
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At SimpleModeling, the core knowledge system for contextual sharing is called the BoK (Body of Knowledge). The goal of building a BoK is to enable knowledge sharing, education, AI support, automation, and decision-making assistance.